Menu

Glutathione Peroxidase 3 (GPX3): A Key Antioxidant Enzyme in Human Health

Endocrinology Diagnostics

Introduction

  • Member of glutathione peroxidase family
  • Selenium-dependent enzyme
  • Primary functions:
    • Breaks down hydrogen peroxide
    • Neutralizes organic hydroperoxides
    • Counteracts reactive oxygen species (ROS)
  • Essential for maintaining bodily homeostasis

Structure and Function Physical Characteristics:

  • Located in extracellular space
  • Dimeric structure
  • Contains selenocysteine residues
  • Uses glutathione (GSH) as substrate

Key Functions:

  • Protects against oxidative stress
  • Guards tissues from:
    • Free radicals
    • Inflammation
    • Metabolic processes
  • Converts peroxides to water/alcohol
  • Manages ROS signalling pathways

Role in Disease Oxidative Stress and Inflammation:

  • Disrupted activity linked to various diseases:
    • Heart diseases
    • Diabetes
    • Neurodegenerative conditions
  • Low activity leads to:
    • Increased ROS levels
    • Tissue damage
    • Disease progression
  • Protects blood vessels
  • Prevents endothelial dysfunction
  • Guards against atherosclerosis

Cancer:

  • Complex relationship
  • Protective role against oxidative stress
  • Paradoxical effects:
    • Can protect against tumorigenesis
    • May promote tumor survival
    • Associated with chemotherapy resistance
    • Can enhance tumor growth

Regulation and Expression Influencing Factors:

  • Dietary selenium levels
  • Oxidative stress levels
  • Transcription factors

Regulatory Mechanisms:

  • Selenium-dependent protein synthesis
  • Nrf2 transcription factor activation
  • Stress-responsive pathways
  • Antioxidant gene regulation
ENQUIRY FORM

More News

  • MCP-1: A Key Chemokine in Inflammation and Disease Progression

  • GLUT-1: The Essential Glucose Transporter in Human Health and Disease

  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2): Structure, Function, and Clinical Significance

  • HbA1c: The Gold Standard in Diabetes Monitoring and Diagnosis