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Cellular Fibronectin: A Key Orchestrator of Tissue Architecture and Wound Healing

Endocrinology Diagnostics

Structure and Composition

  • Complex glycoprotein with dimeric/multimeric structure
  • Contains three repeating units: Type I, II, and III modules
  • Features unique EDA and EDB domains through alternative splicing

Synthesis and Secretion

  • Locally produced by fibroblasts and endothelial cells
  • Undergoes post-translational modifications in reticulum
  • Can either attach to cell membrane or integrate into ECM

Cell Adhesion and Migration Functions

  • RGD sequence in Type III module interacts with integrin receptors
  • Engages with α5β1 and αvβ3 integrins
  • Controls cell attachment, spreading, and movement

Developmental and Disease Roles

  • Essential for embryonic development
  • Critical for wound healing in adult tissues
  • Abnormal levels linked to cancer progression
  • Excessive buildup associated with organ fibrosis

Therapeutic Applications

  • Research focuses on modulating cFN levels
  • EDA region inhibition shows promise for cancer/fibrosis treatment
  • Engineered cFN fragments being developed for wound healing
  • Targeted approaches aim to minimize side effects
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